67th BPSC Prelims Re-exam 2022 Question Paper

Detailed Explanation:

The 15th Presidential Election of India (2022) saw a contest between the NDA candidate Droupadi Murmu and the UPA-backed candidate Yashwant Sinha.

• Key Fact: Yashwant Sinha, former Finance and External Affairs Minister, was the joint opposition candidate supported by UPA and other parties.
• Therefore, Yashwant Sinha was the UPA candidate in the 15th Presidential Election, making Option 4 the correct answer.

Detailed Explanation:

The question tests knowledge of Union Cabinet portfolio allocations following ministerial changes in 2022.

• Key Fact: After Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi's resignation, Smriti Irani received additional charge of the Ministry of Minority Affairs in July 2022.
• Therefore, Smriti Irani was assigned this charge, making Option 4 the correct answer.

Detailed Explanation:

Elavenil Valarivan, Shreya Agarwal, and Ramita are Indian women shooters competing in the 10m air rifle discipline.

• Key Achievement: The trio won gold in the women's 10m air rifle team event at the ISSF World Cup 2022 in Baku, Azerbaijan.
• Therefore, they are associated with shooting, making Option 1 the correct answer.

Detailed Explanation:

The Youth in India Report, 2022 was released by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MOSPI), which publishes official demographic and statistical data.

• Key Findings: India's youth population (15–29 years) is projected to peak at 371.4 million (27.2%) by 2021, then decline to 345.5 million (22.7%) by 2036.
• MOSPI's Role: As the nodal ministry for statistical surveys, it publishes periodic reports on youth, education, employment, and demographics.
• Therefore, MOSPI released the Youth in India Report, 2022, making Option 2 the correct answer.

Detailed Explanation:

This question tests knowledge of Indian state Governors as of the period when the question was set.

• Pair 1 (Rajasthan – Kalraj Mishra): Correctly matched; Kalraj Mishra served as Governor of Rajasthan from 2019.
• Pair 2 (Uttar Pradesh – Anandiben Patel): Correctly matched; Anandiben Patel was Governor of Uttar Pradesh from 2019 to 2024.
• Pair 3 (West Bengal – Satya Pal Malik): Incorrectly matched; C.V. Ananda Bose is the current Governor, not Satya Pal Malik.
• Pair 4 (Gujarat – Phagu Chauhan): Incorrectly matched; Acharya Devvrat is the current Governor, not Phagu Chauhan.
• Therefore, only pairs 1 and 2 are correctly matched, making Option 4 the correct answer.

Detailed Explanation:

Uttarakhand became the first state in India to initiate ground-level implementation of the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020.

• Implementation Launch: Chief Minister Pushkar Singh Dhami launched Bal Vatikas at Anganwadi Kendras statewide, focusing on early childhood education as per NEP guidelines.
• Therefore, Uttarakhand's pioneering role in NEP implementation makes Option 4 the correct answer.

Detailed Explanation:

The Har Ghar Tiranga Abhiyan was launched by the Central Government as part of Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav to celebrate India's 75th Independence Day.

• Key Initiative: The campaign encouraged citizens to bring the Tiranga home and hoist it, promoting patriotism and Jan Bhagidari (public participation).
• Implementation: States, UTs, ministries, NGOs, and self-help groups actively supported this central government initiative.
• Therefore, the Central Government initiated this campaign, making Option 3 the correct answer.

Detailed Explanation:

Eknath Shinde was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Maharashtra on 30th June 2022, following a political realignment in the state.

• Key Fact: Shinde replaced Uddhav Thackeray after leading a rebellion within the Shiv Sena, with Devendra Fadnavis taking oath as Deputy CM.
• Therefore, Eknath Shinde became the new CM after 30th June 2022, making Option 1 the correct answer.

Detailed Explanation:

The Har Ghar Dastak Campaign 2.0 was launched by the Government of India in June 2022 to achieve complete COVID-19 vaccination coverage through a mission-mode, door-to-door approach. The campaign, running from 1st June to 31st July 2022, built upon the earlier Har Ghar Dastak initiative from November 2021, emphasizing house-to-house visits to ensure all eligible beneficiaries received full vaccination. Therefore, Option 4 is the correct answer.

Detailed Explanation:

Virat Kohli became the first cricketer to score 3000 runs in T20 Internationals, achieving this milestone during the 2nd T20I against England in Ahmedabad (March 2021).

• Record Achievement: Kohli reached this landmark in just 87 T20I innings, showcasing exceptional consistency in the shortest format.
• Therefore, Virat Kohli holds this historic distinction, making Option 4 the correct answer.

Detailed Explanation:

The Thomson effect describes the generation of electromotive force (EMF) in a single conductor due to a temperature gradient along its length.

• Core Distinction: Unlike the Seebeck effect (requiring two dissimilar metals), Thomson effect occurs in a single homogeneous conductor with varying temperature.
• Mechanism: Electrons diffuse from hot to cold regions, creating a potential difference proportional to the temperature gradient.
• Therefore, potential variation due to temperature variation in a single conductor is the Thomson effect, making Option 4 the correct answer.

Detailed Explanation:

The Theory of Relativity was formulated by Albert Einstein in two parts: Special Relativity (1905) and General Relativity (1915).

• Special Relativity: Established that the speed of light is constant and the laws of physics are the same for all non-accelerating observers.
• General Relativity: Described gravity as the curvature of spacetime caused by mass and energy, replacing Newtonian gravity.
• Therefore, Albert Einstein is the scientist who presented the theory of relativity, making Option 4 the correct answer.

Detailed Explanation:

Avogadro's law states that under the same temperature and pressure, equal volumes of all gases contain equal number of molecules.

• Core Principle: Discovered by Amedeo Avogadro (1812), this fundamental gas law directly matches the question's description.
• Therefore, Avogadro's law is the correct answer, making Option 3 correct.

Detailed Explanation:

Galileo Galilei was the first to define speed quantitatively as distance covered per unit of time.

• Historical Context: Galileo introduced the concept during his studies on motion and kinematics in the early 17th century.
• Significance: He established speed as a measurable scalar quantity, laying the foundation for classical mechanics.
• Therefore, Galileo is credited with the first definition of speed, making Option 4 the correct answer.

Detailed Explanation:

Earth's rotation creates a centrifugal effect that opposes gravity, reducing the effective weight of objects, especially at the equator where the rotational radius is maximum.

• Apparent gravity formula: g' = g - ω²R, where ω is angular speed and R is Earth's radius at the equator.
• Increased spinning speed: Higher ω increases ω²R, thereby decreasing g' (apparent gravity).
• Weight reduction: Since weight = mg', a smaller g' directly reduces the body's weight at the equator.
• Therefore, faster Earth rotation decreases equatorial weight, making Option 1 the correct answer.

Detailed Explanation:

A vector quantity possesses both magnitude and direction, whereas a scalar quantity has only magnitude.

• Speed is a Scalar: It measures only how fast an object moves, without any directional information (e.g., 50 km/h).
• Velocity, Displacement, and Torque are Vectors: Velocity is speed with direction; displacement is change in position with direction; torque is rotational force with directional sense.
• Therefore, speed is the only scalar among the options, making Option 4 the correct answer.

Detailed Explanation:

The speed of light in a medium is inversely proportional to its refractive index.

• Refractive Index Values: Vacuum = 1.0, Air ≈ 1.0003, Water ≈ 1.33, Glass ≈ 1.5–1.65.
• Glass has the highest refractive index among the given options, resulting in the slowest speed of light.
• Therefore, light travels slowest through glass, making Option 3 the correct answer.

Detailed Explanation:

A washing machine uses centrifugal force during the spin cycle to separate water from clothes based on density differences.

• Centrifugation Principle: High-speed drum rotation creates outward force, pushing water through perforations while retaining heavier clothes inside.
• Therefore, the washing machine operates on centrifugation, making Option 2 the correct answer.

Detailed Explanation:

Edward Jenner performed the first successful vaccination in 1796 using cowpox material to immunize against smallpox, earning him the title Father of Immunology. Robert Koch discovered TB and cholera bacteria; Elie Metchnikoff pioneered immunity research; Joseph Lister introduced antiseptic surgery—none attempted the first vaccination. Therefore, Option 3 is the correct answer.

Detailed Explanation:

Enzymes are biological catalysts that accelerate chemical reactions in living organisms, and the vast majority are proteins. They possess specific three-dimensional structures formed by amino acid chains, enabling them to bind substrates and facilitate reactions.

While a few enzymes are ribozymes (RNA-based), over 99% of all known enzymes are proteinaceous. Lipids, acids, and alkalis serve other biological functions but do not constitute enzyme structure.

Therefore, proteins form the structural basis of most enzymes, making Option 4 the correct answer.