BPSC CCE Prelims
Modern History Previous Year Questions (PYQs)
Solved Previous Year Questions (PYQs) for Modern History in BPSC CCE Prelims in English & Hindi Medium.
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Who established the Servants of India Society in 1905 AD?
Detailed Explanation:
Gopal Krishna Gokhale established the Servants of India Society in 1905 in Pune to train national missionaries dedicated to social service and moderate constitutional reform.
Surendranath Banerjee founded the Indian National Association, Bipin Chandra Pal was an extremist leader, and M.G. Ranade established the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha—none founded this society.
Therefore, Gokhale's establishment of the Servants of India Society makes Option 4 the correct answer.
Who has written the book, Unhappy India?
Detailed Explanation:
Unhappy India (1928) was authored by Lala Lajpat Rai as a response to Katherine Mayo's controversial book Mother India, which portrayed India negatively. Lajpat Rai's work defended Indian society and critiqued British colonial rule.
The book exposed the economic exploitation and political repression under British imperialism, becoming an important nationalist text during the freedom struggle.
Therefore, Lala Lajpat Rai authored Unhappy India, making Option 3 the correct answer.
Who participated in all the three Round Table Conferences?
Detailed Explanation:
B. R. Ambedkar was the only leader who participated in all three Round Table Conferences (1930, 1931, 1932) as a representative of the Depressed Classes.
Gandhi attended only the Second RTC (1931) after the Gandhi-Irwin Pact. Madan Mohan Malaviya participated in the Second and Third RTCs. Maulana Azad did not attend any conference as Congress boycotted the First RTC and he was not part of Gandhi's delegation in the Second.
Therefore, only Ambedkar attended all three, making Option 3 the correct answer.
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Who established Indian Association in 1876 AD?
Detailed Explanation:
Surendranath Banerjee established the Indian Association in Calcutta on July 26, 1876, making it one of the earliest nationalist organizations in India. The association aimed to unite Indians across provinces, promote political education, and strengthen public opinion on national issues.
Chittaranjan Das was a later Congress leader, W.C. Banerjee became the first INC President (1885), and Aurobindo Ghosh emerged during the extremist phase post-1905.
Therefore, Surendranath Banerjee founded the Indian Association in 1876, making Option 1 the correct answer.
In which country was the honorific ‘Netaji’ applied to the name of Subhas Chandra Bose?
Detailed Explanation:
The honorific 'Netaji' was first applied to Subhas Chandra Bose by Indian soldiers of the Azad Hind Fauj (Indian National Army) in Germany in 1942.
Bose had escaped from India and reached Germany via Afghanistan and the Soviet Union. He established the Free India Center in Berlin and worked to organize Indian prisoners of war. It was during this period in Germany that his followers began addressing him as 'Netaji'.
Therefore, the title originated in Germany, making Option 3 the correct answer.
Who is related to ‘Chittagong Armoury Raid’?
Detailed Explanation:
Surya Sen, also known as Master Da, led the famous Chittagong Armoury Raid on 18 April 1930. He commanded a group of revolutionaries who raided the armoury and auxiliary forces magazine, temporarily capturing Chittagong and hoisting the national flag.
Rash Behari Bose was involved in the Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy and later fled to Japan, Chandra Shekhar Azad led the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association, and Batukeshwar Dutt participated in the Assembly Bombing case with Bhagat Singh—none were associated with the Chittagong Raid.
Therefore, Surya Sen's direct leadership of the Chittagong Armoury Raid makes Option 4 the correct answer.
In Anandamath of Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, which revolt is mentioned?
Detailed Explanation:
Anandamath (1882) by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee is based on the Sannyasi Rebellion (1770s) in Bengal, where wandering monks (sannyasis) and fakirs revolted against British colonial oppression and local zamindars during the devastating famine.
The novel introduced Vande Mataram, India's national song, and romanticized the sannyasis' armed resistance as a patriotic struggle, making it a seminal work in Indian nationalist literature.
Therefore, the Sannyasi revolt is mentioned in Anandamath, making Option 1 the correct answer.
Which of the following events happened first?
Detailed Explanation:
The chronological order of these events: Cripps Mission (March 1942) arrived to negotiate constitutional reforms but failed; Quit India Resolution (August 8, 1942) was passed by AICC in Bombay; Lord Wavell (October 1943) replaced Linlithgow as Viceroy; Cabinet Mission (March 1946) came to discuss power transfer framework.
Therefore, the Cripps Mission occurred first, making Option 2 the correct answer.
Who was the President of Lahore Session of the Indian National Congress held in 1929 AD?
Detailed Explanation:
The 1929 Lahore Session of the Indian National Congress was presided over by Jawaharlal Nehru, making it one of the most historic sessions in the freedom struggle.
At this session, the Congress adopted the goal of Purna Swaraj (Complete Independence) and decided to celebrate 26th January 1930 as Independence Day. This marked a decisive shift from Dominion Status demands to complete independence.
Therefore, Jawaharlal Nehru was the President, making Option 3 the correct answer.
Who is not related to the Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 AD?
Detailed Explanation:
Champaran Satyagraha (1917) was Gandhi's first major satyagraha in India against indigo planters. Key associates included Rajendra Prasad, J.B. Kripalani, Raj Kumar Shukla (who invited Gandhi), and local leaders.
Ram Manohar Lohia was born in 1910 and became active in politics only in the 1930s—he was merely 7 years old in 1917 and had no role in Champaran.
Therefore, Ram Manohar Lohia was not related to Champaran Satyagraha, making Option 4 the correct answer.
One of the leaders of the Revolt of 1857 AD, Kunwar Singh was related to which place?
Detailed Explanation:
Kunwar Singh, a prominent leader of the 1857 Revolt, was the zamindar of Jagdishpur in present-day Bihar. At age 80, he led a successful guerrilla campaign against the British in Bihar and parts of Uttar Pradesh.
Gwalior was associated with Rani Lakshmibai and Tantia Tope, Jhansi with Rani Lakshmibai, and Meerut was the initial outbreak site on May 10, 1857.
Therefore, Kunwar Singh was related to Jagdishpur, making Option 2 the correct answer.
During Quit India Movement, who among the following escaped from the Hazaribagh Jail?
Detailed Explanation:
Jayaprakash Narayan (JP) was arrested during the Quit India Movement in 1942 and imprisoned at Hazaribagh Central Jail. On 9 November 1942, he executed a daring escape along with five other socialist leaders by scaling the prison walls using improvised ropes.
Sachchidananda Sinha was a senior statesman who presided over the first Constituent Assembly session. Jagjivan Ram actively participated in the movement but was not imprisoned at Hazaribagh. Rafi Ahmed Kidwai was arrested elsewhere during the movement.
Therefore, Jayaprakash Narayan's escape from Hazaribagh Jail is a well-documented episode of the Quit India Movement, making Option 2 the correct answer.
Who was the President of Gaya Session of the Indian National Congress held in 1922 AD?
Detailed Explanation:
Chittaranjan Das presided over the 37th Session of the Indian National Congress held at Gaya in December 1922. This session was significant as it marked the beginning of the Swaraj Party debate, with Das and Motilal Nehru advocating for council entry, while Gandhi opposed it.
Hakim Ajmal Khan presided over the 1921 Ahmedabad session, Gandhi never presided over any INC session, and Maulana Abul Kalam Azad presided much later in 1923 (Delhi Special Session) and 1940 (Ramgarh).
Therefore, Chittaranjan Das presided over the Gaya Session (1922), making Option 1 the correct answer.
What portfolio Rajendra Prasad held in the interim Government established in 1946 AD?
Detailed Explanation:
Rajendra Prasad held the Food and Agriculture portfolio in the Interim Government (1946), formed under Nehru's leadership before independence.
Jawaharlal Nehru led as Vice-President (External Affairs), Sardar Patel held Home Affairs, and Liaquat Ali Khan held Finance—reflecting the power-sharing arrangement between Congress and Muslim League.
Therefore, Rajendra Prasad held Food and Agriculture, making Option 4 the correct answer.