UPSC CSE Prelims
Civil Disobedience Movement Previous Year Questions (PYQs)
Practice solved questions for Civil Disobedience Movement with detailed step-by-step solutions, key insights, and trend analysis for UPSC CSE PRELIMS.
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The Gandhi-Irwin Pact included which of the following?
- Invitation to Congress to participate in the Round Table Conference
- Withdrawal of Ordinances promulgated in connection with the Civil Disobedience Movement
- Acceptance of Gandhiji’s suggestion for enquiry into police excesses
- Release of only those prisoners who were not charged with violence
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Detailed Explanation:
Answer: Option 2 — 1, 2, and 4 only
The Gandhi-Irwin Pact (March 1931) was a landmark agreement between Mahatma Gandhi and Viceroy Lord Irwin that led to the suspension of the Civil Disobedience Movement. The pact included Congress participation in the Second Round Table Conference, withdrawal of ordinances, and release of non-violent political prisoners, but did not accept Gandhi's demand for an inquiry into police excesses.
✅ Statement 1 – Correct: The British government agreed to invite the Indian National Congress to participate in the Second Round Table Conference in London as part of the pact.
✅ Statement 2 – Correct: The pact provided for the withdrawal of repressive ordinances that had been promulgated in connection with the Civil Disobedience Movement.
❌ Statement 3 – Incorrect: While Gandhi raised the issue of police excesses during negotiations, the British government refused to accept his suggestion for an inquiry into police brutality, making this a point of contention.
✅ Statement 4 – Correct: The pact stipulated the release of political prisoners arrested during the Civil Disobedience Movement, except those convicted of violence.
📝 Short Notes: Gandhi-Irwin Pact (March 5, 1931)
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Also Known As | Delhi Pact |
| Parties | Mahatma Gandhi and Viceroy Lord Irwin |
| Main Provisions |
|
| British Refusals |
|
| Significance | First bilateral agreement between Congress and British government as equals; however, criticized for limited gains |
| Outcome | Gandhi attended Second RTC (1931) but it failed; CDM resumed in 1932 |
Who of the following organized a march on the Tanjore coast to break the Salt Law in April 1930?
Detailed Explanation:
C. Rajagopalachari organized the Vedaranyam Salt Satyagraha on the Tanjore coast in April 1930, inspired by Gandhi's Dandi March.
This march was part of the Civil Disobedience Movement in the Madras Presidency, where Rajaji led volunteers from Trichinopoly to Vedaranyam to break the Salt Law.
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