UPSC CSE Prelims
Archaeological Explorations Previous Year Questions (PYQs)
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With reference to the Indian History, Alexander Rea, A. H. Longhurst, Robert Sewell, James Burgess and Walter Elliot were associated with
Detailed Explanation:
Answer: Option 1 — Archaeological excavations
All five individuals mentioned—Alexander Rea, A. H. Longhurst, Robert Sewell, James Burgess, and Walter Elliot—were prominent archaeologists and researchers who contributed significantly to archaeological excavations and documentation in colonial India, particularly in South India. They were instrumental in discovering and preserving Buddhist and ancient Indian heritage sites such as Amaravati, Nagarjunakonda, and Pallavaram.
📝 Short Notes: British Archaeologists in Colonial India
| Archaeologist | Period | Major Contributions |
|---|---|---|
| Alexander Rea | 1858-1924 | Worked mainly in South India; unearthed a sarcophagus from Pallavaram hillocks in Tamil Nadu |
| A. H. Longhurst | 1876-1955 | Archaeologist and art historian; directed systematic excavations at Nagarjunakonda (1927-1931) |
| Robert Sewell | 1845-1925 | Civil servant in Madras Presidency; conducted archaeological work at Amaravati Buddhist stupa |
| James Burgess | 1832-1916 | Founded Indian Antiquary (1872); served as Director General, Archaeological Survey of India (1886-89) |
| Walter Elliot | 1803-1887 | Visited Amaravati site (1854); collected sculpture panels crucial for understanding South Indian Buddhist art |
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