With reference to the religious practices in India, the "Sthanakvasi" sect belongs to -
Detailed Explanation:
Answer: Option 2 — Jainism
The Sthanakvasi sect is a reformist subsect within Jainism that emerged in the 17th century as a protest against idol worship and temple rituals. The name 'Sthanakvasi' literally means 'those who dwell in halls' (sthanak), referring to their practice of worshipping in simple prayer halls rather than ornate temples. This sect emphasizes ascetic practices, scriptural study, and spiritual discipline over ritualistic worship.
📝 Short Notes: Major Jain Sects
| Sect | Key Features | Origin Period |
|---|---|---|
| Digambara | Sky-clad (naked) monks; believe women cannot attain moksha directly; stricter practices | Ancient division (around 300 BCE) |
| Shvetambara | White-clad monks; accept that women can attain moksha; use mouth-covers | Ancient division (around 300 BCE) |
| Sthanakvasi | Reject idol worship; worship in simple halls (sthanaks); emphasize meditation and scriptures; subsect of Shvetambara | 17th century CE (emerged around 1653) |
| Terapanthi | Further reformed sect; centralized leadership under one Acharya; strict non-violence; subsect of Sthanakvasi | 18th century CE (1760) |
- The Sthanakvasi movement was founded by a merchant named Lavaji in Gujarat as a protest against the murtipujak (idol-worshipping) tradition.
- Both Sthanakvasi and Terapanthi sects focus on inner spirituality rather than external ritualism.
- These reformist movements emphasize the original teachings of Mahavira and strict adherence to Jain principles.
Question 2 of 3 Jainism
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