With reference to the Indian Parliament, consider the following statements:
- A bill pending in the Lok Sabha lapses on its dissolution.
- A bill passed by the Lok Sabha and pending in the Rajya Sabha lapses on the dissolution of the Lok Sabha.
- A bill in regard to which the President of India notified his/her intention to summon the Houses to a joint sitting lapses on the dissolution of the Lok Sabha.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Detailed Explanation:
Answer: Option 2 — 1 and 2
When the Lok Sabha is dissolved, bills pending in the Lok Sabha and bills passed by the Lok Sabha but pending in the Rajya Sabha automatically lapse. However, a bill in respect of which the President has notified his intention to summon a joint sitting does not lapse on the dissolution of the Lok Sabha, as the joint sitting mechanism continues to remain valid.
✅ Statement 1 (Bill pending in Lok Sabha) – Correct: A bill pending in the Lok Sabha lapses automatically upon the dissolution of the Lok Sabha as the dissolution terminates all pending legislative business in that House.
✅ Statement 2 (Bill passed by Lok Sabha, pending in Rajya Sabha) – Correct: A bill passed by the Lok Sabha but pending in the Rajya Sabha also lapses on the dissolution of the Lok Sabha, as it is considered a bill originating from the Lok Sabha.
❌ Statement 3 (Bill notified for joint sitting) – Incorrect: A bill in respect of which the President has notified his intention to summon the Houses to a joint sitting does not lapse on the dissolution of the Lok Sabha and can be taken up in the joint sitting after the new Lok Sabha is constituted.
📝 Short Notes: Lapsing of Bills in Parliament
- Bills pending in Lok Sabha: All bills pending in the Lok Sabha lapse upon its dissolution, except those already passed and sent to the Rajya Sabha or those pending President's assent.
- Bills passed by Lok Sabha: Bills passed by the Lok Sabha but pending in the Rajya Sabha lapse on the dissolution of the Lok Sabha.
- Bills pending in Rajya Sabha only: Bills originating and pending only in the Rajya Sabha do not lapse on the dissolution of the Lok Sabha, as the Rajya Sabha is a permanent House.
- Bills notified for joint sitting: Bills in respect of which the President has notified his intention to summon a joint sitting do not lapse and can be taken up in the joint sitting after reconstitution of the Lok Sabha.
- Bills pending President's assent: Bills that have been passed by both Houses and are pending the President's assent do not lapse on the dissolution of the Lok Sabha.
- Constitutional Bills: Bills pending at any stage, including constitutional amendment bills, follow the same lapsing rules as ordinary bills.
- Rajya Sabha as permanent House: The Rajya Sabha is a permanent body and is never dissolved, hence bills originating and remaining only in it do not lapse due to Lok Sabha's dissolution.
| Type of Bill | Stage | Effect of Lok Sabha Dissolution |
|---|---|---|
| Bill pending in Lok Sabha | Any stage in Lok Sabha | Lapses |
| Bill passed by Lok Sabha | Pending in Rajya Sabha | Lapses |
| Bill originating in Rajya Sabha | Pending only in Rajya Sabha | Does not lapse |
| Bill passed by both Houses | Pending President's assent | Does not lapse |
| Bill notified for joint sitting | After President's notification | Does not lapse |
| Bill returned by President | Pending reconsideration in Lok Sabha | Lapses |
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