With reference to Indian history, who of the following were known as “KulahDaran”?
Detailed Explanation:
Answer: Option 4 — Sayyids
The Sayyids were revered in Muslim society as descendants of Prophet Muhammad through his daughter Fatima. During the Delhi Sultanate period, they wore a distinctive pointed cap called 'kulah', earning them the title 'KulahDaran' (cap-wearers). Even during Timur's devastating invasion of India in 1398, he specifically spared the lives of Sayyids despite his general policy of massacre, demonstrating their special status in Islamic society.
📝 Short Notes: Social Classes in Delhi Sultanate
- Sayyids (KulahDaran): Claimed descent from Prophet Muhammad through Fatima; wore pointed caps (kulah); enjoyed special privileges and respect; protected even during Timur's invasion
- Shaikhs: Arab Muslims and their descendants who settled in India; considered high in social hierarchy
- Qalandars: Muslim mendicant mystics who rejected conventional religious practices; often wandering ascetics
- Ulema: Islamic scholars and religious leaders who interpreted Sharia law
- Khuddams: Turkish nobles who formed the ruling elite in early Delhi Sultanate
- Social Hierarchy: Sayyids and Shaikhs → Foreign Muslims (Turks, Afghans, Persians) → Indian Muslims (converts) → Non-Muslims
Question 1 of 2 Economy and Society
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First question in this topic
Consider the following statements: In the revenue administration of Delhi Sultanat...