Who among the following rulers of Vijayanagara Empire constructed a large dam across Tungabhadra River and a canal-cum-aqueduct several kilometres long from the river to the capital city?
Detailed Explanation:
Answer: Option 1 — Devaraya I
Devaraya I (r. 1406-1422 CE) of the Vijayanagara Empire constructed a large dam/barrage across the Tungabhadra River around 1410 CE and commissioned a 24 km long canal-cum-aqueduct to bring water to the capital city of Vijayanagara. This monumental irrigation project brought immense prosperity to the kingdom, as documented by Portuguese traveler Fernão Nunes (Nuniz), who provided detailed accounts of Devaraya I's infrastructure projects. These hydraulic works stand as a testament to the advanced engineering capabilities of the Vijayanagara Empire.
📝 Short Notes: Vijayanagara Empire - Major Rulers and Contributions
| Ruler | Dynasty | Period | Key Contributions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Harihara I & Bukka I | Sangama | 1336-1377 CE | Founders of Vijayanagara Empire |
| Devaraya I | Sangama | 1406-1422 CE | Tungabhadra dam & 24 km aqueduct; military reforms; employed Muslim archers |
| Devaraya II | Sangama | 1422-1446 CE | Greatest ruler of Sangama dynasty; defeated Gajapatis; visited by Abdur Razzaq |
| Krishnadevaraya | Tuluva | 1509-1529 CE | Greatest ruler of Vijayanagara; defeated Bahmanis; built Hazara Rama temple; patronized Ashtadiggajas |
| Achyutaraya | Tuluva | 1529-1542 CE | Brother of Krishnadevaraya; temple construction |
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