UPSC CSE Prelims
National Green Tribunal Previous Year Questions (PYQs)
Practice solved questions for National Green Tribunal with detailed step-by-step solutions, key insights, and trend analysis for UPSC CSE PRELIMS.
Solved Previous Year Questions
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How is the National Green Tribunal (NGT) different from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)?
- The NGT has been established by an Act whereas the CPCB has been created by executive order of the Government.
- The NGT provides environmental justice and helps reduce the burden of litigation in the higher courts whereas the CPCB promotes cleanliness of streams and wells, and aims to improve the quality of air in the country.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct
Detailed Explanation:
Answer: Option 2 — 2 only
The question tests the distinction between NGT (a judicial body) and CPCB (a regulatory body). Only statement 2 correctly describes their respective roles, while statement 1 incorrectly claims CPCB was created by executive order.
❌ Statement 1 – Incorrect: Both NGT and CPCB are statutory bodies established by Acts of Parliament. NGT was established under the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010, while CPCB was constituted under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. Neither was created by executive order.
✅ Statement 2 – Correct: NGT is a specialized environmental court that provides fast-track justice for environmental disputes and reduces litigation burden on higher courts, whereas CPCB is a regulatory body responsible for monitoring and controlling pollution, including maintaining cleanliness of water bodies and improving air quality.
📝 Short Notes: NGT vs CPCB
| Parameter | National Green Tribunal (NGT) | Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) |
|---|---|---|
| Establishment | National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 | Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 |
| Nature | Quasi-judicial body | Statutory regulatory authority |
| Primary Function | Adjudication of environmental disputes and providing environmental justice | Monitoring, regulation, and enforcement of pollution control laws |
| Composition | Judicial and expert members (environmental specialists) | Technical and administrative experts |
| Key Role | Hears cases related to environmental protection, forest conservation, and expedites disposal | Sets pollution standards, monitors air and water quality, and advises government |
| Appeal Mechanism | Appeals lie to Supreme Court | Decisions can be challenged in courts |
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Related Topics in Environment & Ecology
Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
Environment Protection Act, 1986
Biological Diversity Act, 2002
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Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) Programs
Watershed Development Programmes
National Biodiversity Authority
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