Detailed Explanation:

❌ Statement 1 – Incorrect: Terrace cultivation is a soil conservation method that prevents erosion by creating leveled steps on slopes to reduce water runoff and trap soil.

✅ Statement 2 – Correct: Deforestation removes tree cover and root systems that bind soil, leaving it exposed to rain and wind erosion, making it a major cause of soil erosion in India.

❌ Statement 3 – Incorrect: Tropical climate with heavy rainfall is a natural factor but not inherently problematic; erosion occurs primarily due to human activities like deforestation and poor land management, not the climate itself.