Consider the following statements:
- It was during the reign of Iltutmish that Chengiz Khan reached the Indus in pursuit of the fugitive Khawarezm prince.
- It was during the reign of Muhammad bin Tughluq that Taimur occupied Multan and crossed the Indus.
- It was during the reign of Deva Raya II of Vijayanagara Empire that Vasco da Gama reached the coast of Kerala.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Detailed Explanation:
Answer: Option 1 — 1 only
This question tests the chronological accuracy of three historical events and their associated rulers. Only the first statement correctly matches the event with the ruler's reign, while the other two contain factual errors regarding either the ruler or the timeline.
✅ Statement 1 – Correct: In 1221, Genghis Khan reached the Indus pursuing Jalal-ad-Din Mangburni, the Khwarazmian prince, during Iltutmish's reign. Iltutmish wisely refused asylum, avoiding a Mongol invasion of the Delhi Sultanate.
❌ Statement 2 – Incorrect: Timur invaded India in 1398 during the reign of Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud Shah Tughlaq (last Tughlaq ruler), not Muhammad bin Tughluq who died in 1351. Timur's grandson Pir Muhammad occupied Multan before Timur crossed the Indus.
❌ Statement 3 – Incorrect: Vasco da Gama reached Calicut in 1498 during the reign of Immadi Narasimha Raya of the Saluva Dynasty. Deva Raya II of the Sangama Dynasty ruled from 1422-1446, more than 50 years before the Portuguese arrival.
📝 Short Notes: Medieval Indian Rulers and Key Events
| Event | Year | Ruler/Dynasty | Significance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Genghis Khan reaches Indus | 1221 | Iltutmish (Delhi Sultanate) | Pursued Khwarazmian prince; Iltutmish refused asylum, avoided invasion |
| Timur's invasion | 1398 | Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud (Last Tughlaq) | Sacked Delhi; weakened Delhi Sultanate significantly |
| Vasco da Gama reaches India | 1498 | Immadi Narasimha (Vijayanagara-Saluva) | First sea route from Europe to India established |
| Deva Raya II reign | 1422-1446 | Vijayanagara (Sangama Dynasty) | Golden period; defeated Bahmani Sultanate |
| Muhammad bin Tughluq reign | 1325-1351 | Delhi Sultanate (Tughlaq) | Known for experimental policies and capital transfer |
Question 2 of 2 Foundation of Delhi Sultanate
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