Detailed Explanation:

Correct Answer: ✅ Option 2 (Statements 2 and 3 only)

Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators (RTGs) generate electricity from the heat released during the natural radioactive decay of isotopes. They are widely used in deep-space missions where solar power is insufficient.

❌ Statement I is Incorrect: RTGs are not miniature fission reactors. They do not use nuclear fission; instead, they generate power from the natural decay of radioactive isotopes.

✅ Statement II is Correct: RTGs are used to power spacecraft, satellites, and planetary rovers, especially in deep-space missions where sunlight is weak.

✅ Statement III is Correct: RTGs commonly use Plutonium-238, which can be produced during nuclear weapons-related processes and is specifically manufactured for civilian space applications.

Short Notes: Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators (RTGs)

• Convert heat from radioactive decay directly into electricity using thermocouples.

• Do not involve a nuclear chain reaction or fission process.

• Common fuel: Plutonium-238 (Pu-238).

• Pu-238 has a half-life of about 87.7 years, providing long-term power.

• Ideal for missions far from the Sun where solar panels are ineffective.

• Used in missions such as Voyager 1, Voyager 2, and Curiosity Rover.

• Reliable, maintenance-free power source for decades.

• Important for deep-space exploration and planetary missions.