With reference to bio-toilets used by the Indian Railways, consider the following statements:
- The decomposition of human waste in the bio-toilets is initiated by a fungal inoculum.
- Ammonia and water vapour are the only end products in this decomposition which are released into the atmosphere.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Detailed Explanation:
❌ Statement 1 – Incorrect: Bio-toilets used by Indian Railways employ anaerobic bacteria (not fungi) as the inoculum to decompose human waste in an oxygen-free environment.
❌ Statement 2 – Incorrect: The decomposition produces methane gas, carbon dioxide, treated water (after chlorination), and minimal sludge – not just ammonia and water vapour.
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