Which one of the following statements best describes the role of B cells and T cells in the human body?
Detailed Explanation:
Answer: Option 4 — They protect the body from the diseases caused by pathogens.
B cells and T cells are both lymphocytes and key components of the adaptive immune system that specifically defend the body against pathogens like viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. B cells produce antibodies that recognize and neutralize specific antigens on pathogens, while T cells either directly kill infected cells (cytotoxic T cells) or help coordinate the immune response (helper T cells).
❌ Option 1 – Incorrect: While immune cells can respond to allergens, the primary role of B and T cells is pathogen defense, not allergen protection.
❌ Option 2 – Incorrect: Pain and inflammation alleviation is not the primary function of B and T cells; they are involved in immune response.
❌ Option 3 – Incorrect: B and T cells are immunoactive, not immunosuppressants; they enhance rather than suppress immune function.
✅ Option 4 – Correct: This accurately describes the primary role of B and T cells in adaptive immunity against pathogenic diseases.
📝 Short Notes: B Cells and T Cells
| Feature | B Cells (B Lymphocytes) | T Cells (T Lymphocytes) |
|---|---|---|
| Maturation Site | Bone marrow | Thymus gland |
| Primary Function | Produce antibodies (humoral immunity) | Cell-mediated immunity |
| Types | Plasma cells, Memory B cells | Helper T cells (CD4+), Cytotoxic T cells (CD8+), Regulatory T cells, Memory T cells |
| Mechanism | Recognize antigens and secrete specific antibodies | Directly kill infected cells or regulate immune response |
| Response Type | Humoral/antibody-mediated immunity | Cell-mediated immunity |
| Memory | Memory B cells provide long-term immunity | Memory T cells enable faster response upon re-exposure |
Question 2 of 2 Human Body Systems
Practice PYQ questions from this topic across all years
Which one of the following is synthesised in human body that dilates blood vessels an...
All questions in this topic completed!