The term ‘ACE2’ is talked about in the context of
Detailed Explanation:
Answer: Option 4 — spread of viral diseases
ACE2 (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2) is a protein receptor found on human cell surfaces that became widely discussed during the COVID-19 pandemic. The SARS-CoV-2 virus uses ACE2 as its primary entry point into human cells, binding to this receptor through its spike protein to infect cells in the lungs, heart, kidneys, and other organs.
📝 Short Notes: ACE2 Receptor
- Full Form: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
- Normal Function: ACE2 is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure and cardiovascular function by converting angiotensin II to angiotensin (1-7)
- Location: Found on cell surfaces in multiple organs including lungs (alveolar cells), heart, kidneys, intestines, and blood vessels
- Role in COVID-19: Acts as the cellular receptor that SARS-CoV-2 spike protein binds to for viral entry into cells
- Research Significance: Target for therapeutic interventions including soluble ACE2, monoclonal antibodies, and small molecule inhibitors to block viral entry
- Previous Connection: The original SARS-CoV virus (2003) also used ACE2 as its receptor, making it a known vulnerability in coronavirus infections
Question 4 of 6 Vaccines and Immunization
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