The Multi-dimensional Poverty Index developed by Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative with UNDP support covers which of the following?
- Deprivation of education, health, assets and services at the household level
- Purchasing power parity at the national level
- The extent of the budget deficit and GDP growth rate at the national level
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
Detailed Explanation:
✅ Statement 1 – Correct: The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) developed by Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) with UNDP measures deprivations across three dimensions: Health (nutrition, child mortality), Education (years of schooling, school attendance), and Standard of Living (assets and services like cooking fuel, sanitation, drinking water, electricity, housing) at the household level.
❌ Statement 2 – Incorrect: Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) is a macroeconomic metric used to compare economic productivity between countries, not measured by the MPI which focuses on household-level deprivations.
❌ Statement 3 – Incorrect: Budget deficit and GDP growth rate are national-level macroeconomic indicators measuring fiscal and economic performance, not covered by the MPI which measures individual/household poverty dimensions.
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