Detailed Explanation:

Correct Answer: ✅ Option 4 (None)

The Equator does not pass through any of the three given water bodies. Although Lake Tanganyika is located in East Africa near the Equator, it lies entirely south of it. Tonlé Sap is located in Cambodia in Southeast Asia, while Patos Lagoon is situated in southern Brazil, both far from the Equator.

❌ Statement I is Incorrect: Lake Tanganyika lies south of the Equator and does not cross it.

❌ Statement II is Incorrect: Tonlé Sap is located in Cambodia, north of the Equator.

❌ Statement III is Incorrect: Patos Lagoon is located in southern Brazil, well south of the Equator.

Short Notes: Important Lakes and Lagoons of the World

• Lake Tanganyika is one of the world's deepest freshwater lakes.

• Tonlé Sap is Southeast Asia's largest freshwater lake.

• Tonlé Sap is known for its seasonal reversal of river flow.

• Patos Lagoon is the largest lagoon in Brazil.

• The Equator passes through countries such as Brazil, Ecuador, Colombia, Kenya, Uganda, and Indonesia.

• Major equatorial lakes include parts of Lake Victoria, but not Lake Tanganyika.

• Location-based questions are common in UPSC Geography.