Detailed Explanation:

Correct Answer: ✅ Option 1

A Circular Economy aims to keep products, materials, and resources in use for as long as possible through reuse, repair, recycling, and efficient production. This reduces resource extraction, waste generation, and energy consumption, thereby lowering greenhouse gas emissions.

✅ Statement I is Correct: Circular economy helps reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by minimizing waste, reducing resource extraction, and improving resource efficiency.

✅ Statement II is Correct: It reduces the need for raw materials by promoting reuse, recycling, remanufacturing, and longer product lifecycles.

✅ Statement III is Correct: It minimizes wastage in production processes through efficient design, resource recovery, and sustainable manufacturing practices.

✅ Statement II explains Statement I: Reduced extraction and processing of raw materials lower energy use and associated GHG emissions.

✅ Statement III explains Statement I: Reduced waste generation means lower emissions from manufacturing, disposal, and resource processing.

Short Notes: Circular Economy

• Circular economy follows the principles of Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Refurbish, and Recycle.

• It aims to keep materials in use for the maximum possible time.

• Reduces dependence on virgin raw materials.

• Helps lower greenhouse gas emissions and environmental degradation.

• Minimizes waste sent to landfills and incinerators.

• Supports resource efficiency and sustainable production.

• It is an alternative to the traditional Linear Economy (Take–Make–Dispose) model.