Consider the following statements about Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) :
- MPI is calculated using Alkire-Foster methodology.
- MPI calculated by NITI Aayog has a total of twelve indicators.
- Maternal Health and Bank Account are common indicators in the MPI of NITI Aayog and MPI of United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?
Detailed Explanation:
Statement 1 — Correct. Both India's National MPI and the Global MPI (UNDP) use the same calculation method called Alkire-Foster methodology — it counts overlapping hardships a person faces at the same time.
Statement 2 — Correct. India's National MPI (by NITI Aayog) has 12 indicators:
- It keeps the 10 standard global indicators
- Adds 2 new ones specific to India
Statement 3 — Incorrect. The trap here: Maternal Health and Bank Account are NOT common between both indices. They are only in India's National MPI — added as extra/exclusive indicators. The Global MPI (UNDP) has only 10, without these two.
Memory Trick: India's MPI = Global's 10 + India's special 2 (Maternal Health + Bank Account) = 12. These 2 extras are India-only, not shared with UNDP.
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