Detailed Explanation:

Answer: Option 2 — 2 and 4

Among the given rivers, only Nagavali and Vamsadhara originate from the Eastern Ghats, while Brahmani and Subarnarekha have their sources in the Chota Nagpur Plateau of Jharkhand.

❌ Statement 1 – Incorrect: The Brahmani river is formed by the confluence of Sankh and South Koel rivers near Rourkela; these headstreams originate in the Chota Nagpur Plateau of Jharkhand, not the Eastern Ghats.

✅ Statement 2 – Correct: The Nagavali river (also known as Langulya) originates in the Eastern Ghats near Lakhbahal in the Kalahandi district of Odisha.

❌ Statement 3 – Incorrect: The Subarnarekha river originates in the Chota Nagpur Plateau near Ranchi in Jharkhand and flows through West Bengal and Odisha before entering the Bay of Bengal.

✅ Statement 4 – Correct: The Vamsadhara river originates in the Eastern Ghats near Lanjigarh in the Kalahandi district of Odisha and flows through Andhra Pradesh before joining the Bay of Bengal.

📝 Short Notes: Rivers Originating from Eastern Ghats

• Eastern Ghats: A discontinuous range of mountains running parallel to the eastern coast of India through Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Tamil Nadu.
• Major Rivers from Eastern Ghats: Mahanadi, Godavari (tributaries), Krishna (tributaries), Penner, Palar, Vaigai, Nagavali, Vamsadhara, and several smaller coastal rivers.
• Nagavali River: Originates in Kalahandi district (Odisha), flows through Odisha and Andhra Pradesh, length ~256 km, enters Bay of Bengal near Kalingapatnam.
• Vamsadhara River: Originates in Kalahandi district (Odisha) near Lanjigarh, flows through Odisha and Andhra Pradesh, length ~254 km, meets Bay of Bengal near Kalingapatnam.
• Chota Nagpur Plateau Rivers: Brahmani, Subarnarekha, Damodar, and other rivers originate from this plateau in Jharkhand, not from the Eastern Ghats.
• Coastal Drainage: Rivers from Eastern Ghats typically have shorter courses and form smaller drainage basins compared to peninsular rivers originating from the Western Ghats.