Detailed Explanation:

Answer: Option 2 — Only two

Among the four countries listed, only Germany and Norway have a border with the North Sea. Finland borders the Baltic Sea and the Gulf of Bothnia, while Russia's European coastline touches the Baltic Sea, Black Sea, and Arctic Ocean, but not the North Sea.

✅ Germany – Correct: Germany has a northern coastline along the North Sea, with major ports like Hamburg and Bremerhaven.
✅ Norway – Correct: Norway has an extensive coastline along the North Sea on its southwestern side.
❌ Finland – Incorrect: Finland is located on the Baltic Sea and does not have access to the North Sea.
❌ Russia – Incorrect: Russia does not border the North Sea; its nearest sea in the region is the Baltic Sea.

📝 Short Notes: North Sea Geography

• Location: The North Sea is a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean located between Great Britain, Scandinavia, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, and France.
• Bordering Countries: Seven countries border the North Sea – United Kingdom, Norway, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, and France.
• Important Ports: Major ports include Rotterdam (Netherlands), Hamburg (Germany), Antwerp (Belgium), and Aberdeen (UK).
• Economic Significance: The North Sea is rich in petroleum and natural gas reserves, making it one of the world's most important oil-producing regions.
• Fisheries: Historically one of the world's most productive fishing grounds, though overfishing has depleted stocks in recent decades.
• Strategic Importance: The North Sea has been strategically important for trade routes and naval operations throughout European history.
• Connection to Baltic Sea: The North Sea connects to the Baltic Sea through the Skagerrak and Kattegat straits between Denmark, Norway, and Sweden.