Bollgard I and Bollgard II technologies are mentioned in the context of
Detailed Explanation:
Answer: Option 2 — developing genetically modified crop plants.
Bollgard I and Bollgard II are biotechnology products developed for creating genetically modified (GM) cotton plants with insect resistance. These technologies use genes from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) bacteria to produce insecticidal proteins that protect cotton plants from bollworm and other lepidopteran pests, thereby reducing the need for chemical pesticides.
📝 Short Notes: Bt Cotton Technologies
| Feature | Bollgard I | Bollgard II |
|---|---|---|
| Introduction Year | 2002 (India's first approved GM crop) | 2006 |
| Bt Genes Used | Single gene (Cry1Ac) | Two genes (Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab) |
| Target Pests | Primarily American Bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) | Broader spectrum: American Bollworm, Spodoptera species, and other lepidopteran caterpillars |
| Mechanism | Bt gene produces insecticidal protein toxic to specific pests | Dual-gene technology provides enhanced and broader resistance |
| Advantages | Reduced pesticide use, increased yield | Better pest resistance, delayed resistance development, higher efficacy |
Question 1 of 4 GM Crops and Biosafety
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First question in this topic
With reference to the Genetically Modified mustard (GM mustard) developed in India, c...